Over 20% of adults worldwide live with chronic pain.
Most treatments rely on long-term medication with diminishing effectiveness.
What is Chronic Pain?
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Chronic pain persists months or longer, often after the original injury has healed.
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It is frequently comorbid with depression, anxiety, and neurological disorders.
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Pain becomes embedded in brain networks, not just peripheral tissue.
Why Current Treatments Fall Short
Pharmacological approaches
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Opioids, NSAIDs, antidepressants, anticonvulsants
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Act broadly on neural signaling
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Risk of tolerance, dependence, addiction, and overdose
Non-invasive alternatives
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Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)
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Photobiomodulation
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Problem is that these methods rely on generalized protocols, not patient-specific brain states.
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The Core Gap
Chronic pain treatment lacks precise, individualized targeting of the brain networks that sustain pain.